Gorilla Tracking Guidelines in Uganda

Gorilla tracking is a remarkable yet delicate activity, as it involves interacting with endangered species living in a fragile environment that requires careful preservation.

This is why only a few countries, namely Uganda, Rwanda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), offer gorilla tracking safari experiences. The governments of these nations have implemented precautionary measures to ensure that both the gorillas and their delicate habitat are protected during these excursions.

The COVID-19 pandemic made these measures even more stringent due to the significant risk the virus poses to gorillas, whose immune systems are very similar to ours. This article outlines the updated guidelines for gorilla tracking in Uganda post-pandemic, emphasizing safety, conservation, and sustainability.

The Importance of Conservation and Safety

Gorillas are closely related to humans, sharing about 98% of our DNA. This genetic similarity means that diseases that affect humans can easily be transmitted to gorillas, which are highly vulnerable due to their inability to fight off such infections. Additionally, the environment in which gorillas reside—primarily forests—requires protection from human activities to ensure it remains intact for future generations. The rules in place for gorilla tracking have always prioritized the well-being of the animals and the environment, and post-COVID-19, these guidelines have been enhanced to minimize the risk of disease transmission.

Pre-Tracking Requirements

Before embarking on a gorilla tracking adventure, tourists must meet several health and safety requirements, both for their own safety and that of the gorillas.

1. Yellow Fever Immunization: Yellow fever vaccination is a mandatory requirement for all visitors to East African countries. Tourists must provide proof of vaccination by presenting an official yellow fever vaccination card. This measure helps protect both visitors and gorillas from diseases that can be transmitted between humans and wildlife.
2. Health Assessment: Tourists must undergo a health assessment to confirm they do not have any contagious diseases, especially those that are airborne. Given the genetic similarity between humans and gorillas, diseases like flu, cold, COVID-19, and other viral and bacterial infections can easily be passed on to the gorillas. Individuals showing symptoms of illness, such as coughing or sneezing, are not allowed to participate in tracking activities.
3. Age Limit: The minimum age for gorilla tracking is 15 years old. This is to ensure that participants can adhere to the rules and behave responsibly during the trek. Young children are often more unpredictable, and their presence could disturb the gorillas or lead to safety concerns.
4. Physical Fitness: Gorilla trekking involves strenuous physical activity. Participants must be in good physical condition, as the trek often takes several hours through steep, slippery, and challenging terrain. For elderly or less fit participants, the park rangers will allocate them to easier, closer gorilla families to ensure their safety and comfort.

Key Guidelines During Gorilla Tracking

Once on the gorilla tracking trail, several rules must be followed to ensure the safety of both tourists and gorillas.

1. Group Size Limit: To avoid overcrowding and reduce the risk of disturbing the gorillas, only eight people are allowed to track a specific gorilla family at any given time. This rule helps to maintain a peaceful environment for both the gorillas and the trekkers.
2. Social Distancing: Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the recommended distance between tourists and gorillas has increased from 7 meters to 10 meters. This social distancing measure reduces the risk of transmitting diseases to the gorillas. Additionally, maintaining this distance gives the gorillas enough space to move freely and engage in their natural behaviors without feeling threatened by human presence.
3. Respect for the Environment: The forests where gorillas live are delicate ecosystems. Tourists must stay on designated trails to avoid damaging plants and trees. Littering is strictly prohibited, and all waste must be disposed of properly, either by the park ranger or by using a portable bin. If nature calls, trekkers are instructed to dig a small hole and bury their waste. Any disruption to the environment could potentially harm the gorillas and other wildlife species that depend on this ecosystem for survival.
4. Avoid Touching the Gorillas: Although gorillas may occasionally approach tourists, it is vital not to touch them. The silverbacks, in particular, are dominant and could become agitated by perceived threats. Touching the gorillas can also transmit diseases, so it is strictly forbidden.
5. No Eye Contact: Direct eye contact with a gorilla is considered a challenge in gorilla behavior. Gorillas may interpret eye contact as a sign of aggression, leading to potential defensive or aggressive responses. It is advised to avoid staring directly at the gorillas and to respect their space.
6. Silence and Quiet Movement: Gorillas are very sensitive to noise and may become agitated if they hear loud sounds. Therefore, trekkers are advised to speak in hushed tones and avoid sudden movements. Quiet and respectful behavior is essential to ensure that the gorillas feel safe and comfortable in their natural habitat.
7. Dress Code: When going for a gorilla tracking expedition, it is essential to wear appropriate clothing. Bright colors like red, yellow, and white should be avoided as they can startle the gorillas. Instead, opt for neutral, earthy tones such as brown, green, or beige, which blend with the natural surroundings. Sturdy, comfortable footwear with good grip is also necessary, as the terrain can be slippery and uneven.

Interaction with Gorillas

While the ultimate goal of gorilla tracking is to observe these magnificent creatures in their natural habitat, it is crucial to approach the interaction with respect and caution.

1. Don’t Panic if a Gorilla Approaches: If a gorilla approaches, do not panic or run. It is important to stay calm, step aside slowly, and give the animal space. Running could trigger an aggressive response, and panicking might disrupt the group’s behavior. The rangers are trained to handle such situations and will guide the group on what to do.
2. Flash Photography: Flash photography is strictly prohibited during gorilla tracking. The intense light can be harmful to the gorillas’ eyes and may cause them stress. Only use cameras without flash, and always wait for the park ranger’s permission before taking photos.
3. Respect the Silverback: Silverbacks, the dominant males in the gorilla families, are often the most majestic and powerful creatures to observe. However, their actions should be interpreted with care. For example, if a silverback thumps its chest, it is not necessarily an act of aggression, but a display of dominance and control. Visitors should remain calm and avoid interpreting such behavior as threatening.

What to Bring for Gorilla Tracking

To ensure a safe and comfortable tracking experience, tourists should be prepared with the right equipment and supplies.

• Porter Services: Hiring a porter is highly recommended to help carry your backpack and other items. This is particularly useful during long, strenuous hikes.
• Trekking Shoes: Wear sturdy, comfortable footwear with a good grip to handle the rough terrain.
• Water and Snacks: Bring enough water to stay hydrated and energy-packed snacks or lunch to maintain energy levels during the trek.
• Insect Repellent: The forest environment may have a variety of insects, so insect repellent is a must to avoid bites.
• Jacket and Gloves: The forest can be cold and damp, so packing waterproof clothing, including jackets, gloves, and pants, is essential.
• Binoculars and Camera: Binoculars are useful for observing gorillas from a distance, and cameras (without flash) are essential for capturing the moments.
• Hand Sanitizer and Face Masks: Due to COVID-19, tourists must carry hand sanitizer and face masks to minimize the risk of disease transmission.

Some of the gorilla tracking packages you may book while in Uganda

Conclusion

Post-pandemic, gorilla tracking has become an even more tightly regulated activity to protect both the gorillas and the environment. By following these guidelines, tourists can ensure a safe, respectful, and responsible experience while contributing to the ongoing conservation efforts in Uganda, Rwanda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. These guidelines not only safeguard the health of the gorillas but also help preserve their fragile habitats, ensuring that future generations can continue to experience the magic of encountering these incredible creatures in the wild.